Battle of vienna images8/16/2023 ![]() ![]() The Ottoman army numbered approximately 90,000 to 300,000 men (according to documents on the order of battle found in Kara Mustafa's tent, initial strength at the start of the campaign was 170,000 men ). ![]() The opposing military forces were those of the Ottoman Empire and its vassal states, commanded by Grand Vizier Merzifonlu Kara Mustafa Pasha. The overall command was held by the senior leader, the king of Poland, John III Sobieski, who led the relief forces. The Viennese garrison was led by Feldzeugmeister of the Imperial Army (Holy Roman Empire) Ernst Rüdiger Graf von Starhemberg, an Austrian subject of Holy Roman Emperor Leopold I. The battle was won by the combined forces of the Holy Roman Empire and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, the latter represented only by the forces of the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland (the march of the Lithuanian army was delayed, and they reached Vienna after it had been relieved). In the ensuing war that lasted until 1699, the Ottomans would cede most of Hungary to the Holy Roman Emperor Leopold I. The defeat is often seen as a turning point for Ottoman expansion into Europe, after which they would gain no further ground. The battle marked the first time the Commonwealth and the Holy Roman Empire had cooperated militarily against the Ottomans. The battle was fought by the Holy Roman Empire (led by the Habsburg monarchy and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, both under the command of King John III Sobieski) against the Ottomans and their vassal and tributary states. The Battle of Vienna took place at Kahlenberg Mountain near Vienna on 12 September 1683 after the city had been besieged by the Ottoman Empire for two months. – alternative estimatesĬasualties during the siege: 48,544 killed, 25% desertion and unknown number of deaths from diseases Ĭasualties during the battle: ~2-10 -15,000 : 661Ĭasualties during the siege according to Tucker: 20,000 casualties : 661Ĭasualties during the battle: 4,500, : 661 – alternative estimatesĭown from initial 120,000 soldiers to 65,000 soldiers with around 60 guns ĭown from 120,000 to 40,000 soldiers (28,400 against relief army and 12,000 against city defenders) ġ1,000 soldiers + 5,000 volunteers Ĥ7,000 Germans and Austrians with some 112 guns ĩ0,000 but some left behind to guard bridges near Tulln and camps, plus 2,000 Imperial cavalry (not included above) left behind the Danube. Ottomans fail to take Vienna, Coalition (later the Holy League) forces invade territories in Hungary and the Balkans under Ottoman ruleġ50,000 as of 10 September 1683, down from 170,000 at the start of the campaign, according to documents on the order of battle found in Kara Mustafa's tent. Coalition of Christians establishes Holy League under Pope Innocent XI to further push back the Ottomans.Ottomans suffer heavy losses and are severely weakened.PDM Creative Commons Public Domain Mark 1.Vienna, Holy Roman Empire (modern-day Austria) This file has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. Copyright may extend on works created by French who died for France in World War II ( more information), Russians who served in the Eastern Front of World War II (known as the Great Patriotic War in Russia) and posthumously rehabilitated victims of Soviet repressions ( more information). Côte d'Ivoire has a general copyright term of 99 years and Honduras has 75 years, but they do implement the rule of the shorter term. This image may not be in the public domain in these countries, which moreover do not implement the rule of the shorter term. ![]() You must also include a United States public domain tag to indicate why this work is in the public domain in the United States. Note that a few countries have copyright terms longer than 70 years: Mexico has 100 years, Jamaica has 95 years, Colombia has 80 years, and Guatemala and Samoa have 75 years. This work is in the public domain in its country of origin and other countries and areas where the copyright term is the author's life plus 70 years or fewer. ![]()
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